Personality Analysis

Personality compendium Shannon C. Chavez PSY/405 March 5, 2013 Dr. Barry Brooks Personality Analysis This paper leave al wholeness include temper analysis between the attainment scheme and the human-centred and existential theories. The encyclopaedism system is referred to as the attend to by which all mortals learn and how they acquire a change or potential change in bearing (Feist & Feist, 2000). The learning theories involved be Skinners conductal analysis, Banduras affectionate cognitive theory, and Rotter and Mischels cognitive social learning theory.The humanitarianic approach is focused on the individuals potential and stresses the importance of self-actualization and the notion that battalion ar innately good. Humanistic psychology assumes that mental and social problems atomic number 18 a direct result of peerless(a)s inwrought tendencies (Cherry, 2013). Existentialism stresses the importance of free get out, freedom of choice by to each one individual , and the righteousness one takes on his or her have life. This theory emphasizes the responsibility each person takes on the choices they piddle away and what they make of themselves (Cherry, 2013).Combining these theories with the knowledge they experience outlines the raw materials of human character and temperament as it develops by the purlieu, in violateicular at heart the social aspect while cooperative the stiff affects of ones own internal ideas. Affects on Situational Behavior According to learning theory, individuals behave check to their environmental, cognitive, and behavioral conditions. In Banduras social cognitive theory, he argues that citizenry can learn bran-new information and behaviors by watching what others do.This vitrine of learning known as observational learning is explained in almost behaviors (Cherry, 2013). In the behaviorist learning theory, learning takes place by attempt and error, with individuals trying different types of behavior s until they engage in one that is reinforcing. Learning theory states individuals apply antecedently learned material as a government agency to find familiar reward values in similar situations (Feist & Feist, 2009). Behaviors produced inside new situations allow the individual to review similar experiences to determine the ruff course of action and give then choose the one with a similar outcome.In some learning theories, the learner may become passive, then responding to environmental stimulus. Cognitive learning theory assumes all people are logical beings whose behavior is determined by choices that make the most spirit to them (Fritscher, 2011). Rotter believed humans interact with their environments through with(predicate) livelihood. He assumed peoples situational behavior is a combination of their expectations of reinforcement and the amount of influence their needs use up in any given situation.His predictions of human behavior stem from ones expectancy, reinforcem ent value, behavior potential and mental situation (Feist and Feist, 2009). Mischels temperament theory raises that an individuals cognitive activities and situations play a resilient role in behavior determination. Although he acknowledged this stability, he explained the environment has a mighty influence on behavior. Others theories hint people are motivated by particular drives and traits that would make a persons behavior consistent (Feist and Feist, 2009).Humanistic approach from Rogers person-centered theory believes learning is implemented as an act to fulfill ones fullest potential. The actions of individuals in situational behavior are derived from their potential from which an individual is capable. In humanistic theory, people have cognitive needs by which they respond to sealed situations. Within a supportive environment, individuals learn and react appropriately in any situation based on what they have learned previously (Feist and Feist, 2009).According to a hu manist approach, responses to a specific situation are outright regarded towards personal growth fulfillment of current needs and satisfaction (McLeod, 2007). The individual will always respond in a way that will ultimately fulfill current needs. Personality Characteristic of Theories The learning theories suggest that temperament is a combination of learned inclinations that stick throughout ones life. Learning theories are believed to have present awareness, which guides the using of temper according to how individuals anticipate specific events, thus ll human behavior is influenced by anticipation (Feist & Feist, 2009). Skinner believed that human behavior was kindd by collar forces natural selection, cultural practices, and an individuals history of reinforcements. Ultimately, Skinner believed that ones geographical environment and personal physical strength helped shape humans personality in general, however, the environment would be vital in the uniqueness of each indiv iduals personality (Feist and Feist, 2009). Skinner defined personality as at best a repertoire of behavior imparted by an organized set of contingencies (2009, p. 72). Bandura described the act of human nature as self-regulating, proactive, self-reflective, and self-organizing (2009, p. 486). He recognized that observational learning allows individuals to learn without performing the behavior. Rotter believed an individuals personal history and experiences was more powerful in shaping their personalities and goals, but emphasized the similarities in everyone, whereas Mischel considered an individuals differences and variations in behavior as more significant.He believed human behavior, through the cognitive-active personality system, adapts to the fundamental interaction of stable personality traits and the situation, which includes a number of personal variables (2009, p. 546). Kellys theory explains the idea that all people anticipate events by the meanings placed on those event s and believes these constructs of the world are how an individuals behavior is determine. People check up on the world in their own way and believe that every twirl is open to revision (Feist and Feist, 2009).Skinners learning theories have been criticized for neither accommodating individual differences, intelligence, genetic factors, nor the whole realm of personality (2009, p. 472). Humanistic psychology believes in the natural drive toward personal increment, and the idea that people make decisions regardless of environmental factors. Free will is one of the most all-important(a) factors in the development of ones personality, and the drive toward self-actualization is a powerful motivation for the creation of ones personality (Feist and Feist, 2009).According to the idea pot humanism, people make their own choices and are actively involved in the creation of their personalities. Rollo May theory includes three relationships that form the basis for personality ones relati onship with the environment, with others, and with oneself. The influence of all three relationships helps create and contributes to the personalitys ongoing reconstructive memory (Feist Feist, 2009). Maslow believed that biological components provided the basic parameter for the individual however, environmental and cultural affects shaped the ego identity or personality (Feist Feist, 2009).Explanation of Interpersonal Relations The humanist/existential perspective assumed people associated with others to engage in creative and healthy relationships, although ultimately, they may be alone. Maslow believed in fulfilling love and belongingness first and fulfilling this was a primal need filled by friendship, family, having a mate, and ultimately maintaining associations with others. He proposed fulfillment at this level was essential for other levels of human success, through his hierarchy of needs (Feist Feist, 2009).Rogers believed growing up in a good-natured environment, hav ing a caregiver who had positive regards, fostered positive self-regard, which in turn promotes psychological growth. Positive experiences from others are also essential for an individuals development in mental health, thus success towards self-actualization (Cherry, 2013). Mays existentialism proposed that even though people associate with others, forming healthy relationships, they would ultimately choose who and what they will become.The basic idea of humanism and existentialism views interpersonal relationships as an integral part of human life. Humanism views interpersonal relationships as an important factor in the development of personality. Maslow believed once an individuals fulfillment of interpersonal relationships was completed, they will have more confidence and esteem in social situations and will experience the reciprocity of love from those of importance to them (Feist and Feist, 2009).From a learning perspective, people tend to associate with others because they rec eive some type of reward for doing so. human being originally formed groups within their families to use as protection from resistance tribes and animals. This happens today when people form associations with those of the same interest group and are reinforced for the particular behaviors of that group. Even when not reinforced, people will continue to maintain close associations because of personal connections within the group from which they receive reinforcement (Feist & Feist, 2009).Social constructivism is defined as the knowledge, behavior, and personality constructed from social interactions and people build new ideas and concepts that are based on current and past knowledge or experience (Feist & Feist, 2009). Bandura believed people learn from their experiences, although much of human learning is interpreted from the observation of others. Rotter believed human behavior is best predicted from an understanding of the interaction of people with their meaningful environments (2009, p. 510).Mischel also believed that an essential component of ones personality development was dependent on observations of others within the environment. Mischel and Rotter unhappy the importance of learning within a social context, but Mischel go on to maintain his belief in the importance of genetic factors in the development of personality. Kelly believed social influences were much more significant in determining ones personality than biological ones. He believed humans are influenced by each other and in constructing their own personality, involving other influences from the environment (Feist and Feist, 2009).Kelly state the actions of others do not mold their behavior rather, it is their interpretation of events that changes their behavior (2009, p. 572). cobblers last Learning theories define learning and its resulting behavior and personality as a response to the environment in which its consumed including biological considerations, whereas humanistic theory bel ieves in a greater tendency for internal human drive toward a goal and ultimately self-actualization.The different perspectives regarding the effectiveness of personalities on situational behavior, the distinct characteristics of personality and human nature, and the understanding of interpersonal relations all provide an copiousness of thought and a more dimensional understanding of humanity within psychological thought process and its applications toward humankind. References Cherry, K. (2013). What is Existentialism? Retrieved from http//psychology. about. com/od/eindex/g/def_existential. htm Cherry, K. (2013).Humanistic psychological science the Third Force in Psychology. Retrieved from http//psychology. about. com/od/historyofpsychology/a/hist_humanistic. htm Feist, J. and Feist, G. (2009) Theories of Personality (7th ed. ). Retrieved from the University of capital of Arizona eBook Collection online. New York McGraw Hill Fritscher, L. (2011). Cognitive Theory. Retrieved from http//phobias. about. com/od/glossary/g/cognitivethedef. htm McLeod, S. (2007). Humanism. Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http//www. simplypsychology. org/humanistic. html